Cash Management Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cash Management Paper - Essay Example When a company is strapped for cash there are various alternatives can be implemented to ensure the company stay solvent for a longer period of time. One of the approaches that can be utilized in cases where there is an imminent cash flow problem is to reduce costs. During the global economic recession that started in 2008 the world has seen how many global corporations have chosen to reduce their payroll expenses through massive layoffs in order to keep the businesses going. The US government created a special bailout package bill for the US automakers because companies such as GM could not keep operating because of cash flow problems. Cash flow problem can also occur due to the inability of a company to collect its account receivables. IF clients are not paying on time the best alternative is to terminate the credit privileges to such vendors. A technique that is utilized by companies to improve its collection function is by utilizing electronic transactions such as direct debit from a checking account. One of the four primary financial statements is called the statement of cash flow. The statement of cash flow is the best anal ytic tool that can be used to manage the cash flow of an enterprise. This financial statement provides an outlay of the cash that is entering and going out of a firm as well as the type of transaction associated with the movement of cash. The three categories that measure cash movement in the statement of cash flow are financing, investing, and operating activities (Besley & Brigham, 2000). Due to the importance of the cash asset of a business there are various alternatives that a company can utilize to obtain cash through short term financing. Short term financing are alternatives that provide a company with immediate cash to be utilized to cover its short term operating activities such as paying payroll, buying materials, maintenance activities among

Globalization of Impact in Society Essay Example for Free

Globalization of Impact in Society Essay The technique and fundamentals used within different parts of the world vary significantly, for modern values prevail. The vastness of globalization has impacted a majority of nations across the world. One way of looking at Globalization through the advantages and disadvantages of its nature is to overlook society’s changes from generation to generation. The complexities of convergence through trade and social processes establish a variety of commodities between cultures. In part of sharing heritages of different cultures the experience of new found goods in intellect and materialistic sources take our interest in influencing positive or negative reactions. W. J. Perry a cultural anthropologist leader wrote a Journal over culture. In the journal he talks about the diversity among cultures and the meaning behind civilizations. He states, â€Å"that various peoples, in different parts of the earth, had, independently of one another, elaborated the fundamentals of arts and crafts† (Perry 105). He describes an interesting point specifying of how the process of these experiences occur, â€Å"independently†. The exposure to foreign cultural goods frequently brings about changes in local cultures, values, and traditions. For instance, local farmers who have traditionally earned a living by working their small plots of family-owned land and selling their goods locally may find reason to be concerned by globalization because new availability of foreign foods in a market- often at cheaper prices- can displace local farmers. Such causes make local residents to hate some variations of globalization. Lieber and Weisberg in â€Å"Globalization, Culture, and Identities in Crisis† give an example of why some hate globalization. â€Å"Others, however, have treated globalization of culture as an evil because of their fears of the pervasive power and duplicity of multinational corporations or international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) (Globalization Crisis, Lieber, Weisberg). On the other hand, there are others whom appreciate the resources that globalization brings from foreign places because there is a sympathetic relation to the arts and crafts available and produced by someone who is thousands of miles away for their unique work in particular subjects, like sculptures, food, clothing, books, jewelry, music, and so much more. Lieber and Weisberg also provide an example of the good side of globalization. â€Å"One observer has asserted that, ‘†¦globalization promotes integration and the removal not only of cultural barriers but many of the negative dimensions of culture. Globalization is a vital step toward both a more stable world and better lives for the people within it’† (Globalization Crisis, Lieber, Weisberg). This is a good point because for some regions in part of the world there are some cultures where such kind of integration can improve or further an interest towards one’s well being; for all human beings share a common notion of intellect. A great revolution occurred through technology, The Information Revolution. Many fundamentalist challenge their skills in competing with this new stream of information such as the computer systems, Ethernet, music, movies, and advertising media. This has created a new movement for individuals not only to work within the field and have a source of income and opportunity to grow in the ambition one seeks but it opens a far more modern aspect of enabling a growing culture all over the world. Since technology and computer systems are relevant in many places around the world today this challenges a new generation with new resources to obtain and fit-in as a means of their culture something that did not exist generations before. It allows for prosperity, however, in some areas there still exists a culture that decide to not be influenced by other cultures instead they are enduring a traditional way of living a society that has carried on from generation to generation without technological growth, they are contemporary hunter-gatherer peoples who, after contact with other societies, continue their ways of life with very little external influence. The nature of the hunter-gatherer persisted in technological techniques to specialize in the domain of survival, using techniques that enable men to use resources in creative measures. As Perry states as well in his journal Tradition, talking about hunter gatherer societies; â€Å"Who still persist in outlying parts of the world† (Perry 106). The level of advancement of a civilization is often measured by its progress in agriculture, trade, performance and abilities of oneself/occupation, and ranking within community distinguish the natural rights of oneself. There is a theory called â€Å"Tabula rasa,† that individuals are born without built-in mental content and that their knowledge comes from ones experience and perception† (Locke, John). Locke’s ability to understand this quality of human intellect is very profound. Tradition is an inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior with cultural continuity in social attitudes, customs, and institutions. Characterizing an individual towards a manner, method, or style such as in America the way of living is much different especially during the midcentury where access to safe, inexpensive electricity was available and made at times simple. Having toasters to house lights to refrigeration, the effects were significant for many Americans. However, not all people benefited from the technological advances that America was attaining. In India and Latin America people did not have the ease access to electricity or technological equipment for the resources a typical American home would have such as the toaster or refrigerator (Jetsetcitizen). The differences between the resources available for a particular society measure considerably in the lack of or more of such customs. Michael Kaye in his journal Tradition condenses the means of this difference very well.

Images Of Apple Picking Essay -- essays research papers

Images of Apple Picking   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. Hofer â€Å"After Apple Picking† is fraught with imagery. Frost uses visual, olfactory, kinesthetic, tactile, and auditory imagery throughout this piece. Because the poem is filled with a variety of images, the reader is able to imagine the experience of apple picking. Frost brings He begins with â€Å"My long two-pointed ladder’s sticking through a tree† (line 1). This line gives the reader a visual concept of a long pointed ladder nestled in an apple tree. And, allows the reader to expand that image to a multitude of apple pickers with their pointy ladders alongside him in neighboring trees. Frost continues with the visual images with following lines:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  And there’s a barrel that I didn’t fill   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beside it, and there may be two or three   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Apples I didn’t pick upon some bough. (Lines 3-5) Because of these lines, the reader envisions an apple picker on his ladder high up in the tree fling as many barrels as he can, but still not filling them all. In addition, to the visual images, Frost then moves on to olfactory imagery. In one very simple line, â€Å" The scent of apples: I am drowsing off† line 8, Frost gives the reader an opportunity to smell apples. As he does not specify the type of apples being picked it is left to the reader’s imagination as to what type...

Life cycle assessment of spring mattress Essay

Hendrickson, et al (2006) posits that: â€Å"LCA requires careful energy and materials balances for all the stages of the life cycle†. The life cycle of a spring mattress is made up of many processes. The life cycle or â€Å"cradle to grave’ of a spring mattress can be said to consist of the following five stages: a) extraction of raw materials (cradle), b) production of materials, c) production of spring mattress, d) use of the spring mattress, e) disposal of the spring mattress (grave). The function of the product system is to evaluate the extraction of the raw materials, the processing of the raw materials, the manufacturing and fabrication of the product, the distribution of the product, and the use of the product by the consumer and the disposal of the product when it is no longer useful. The functional unit. A spring mattress has a clear cut primary function: providing a resting or sleeping surface, but there are also other types of mattresses that serve the same purpose. Life cycle assessments usually serve to compare different products that have the same function. The functional unit is a quantitative description of the function of the product. The functional unit is a key element of LCA which has to be clearly defined. It should be based on the standard use of the product and is the main reason for which the product is bought. The functional unit is the measure of the function of the studied product and it provides a reference to which the inputs and outputs can be related. This makes it possible to compare two different products that serve the same purpose. The functional unit of a spring mattress may be defined as the length of time it stays fit for use. The system boundaries. According to ISO 14041 standards,† the system boundaries define the unit process to be included in the system to be modeled†. The system boundaries determine which unit Life cycle assessment of spring mattress. processes to be included in the LCA study. Subjective choice is partly used to define system boundaries. For system boundaries of a spring mattress, the following can be considered: 1) Boundaries between the technological system and nature. The life cycle normally begins at the point of extraction of the raw materials (used to manufacture the product) and energy carriers from nature. 2) System boundaries should cover the same reality in all scenarios. 3) Usually, the choice of geographical boundaries is not relevant because system boundaries are related to a function and not a region. 4) Only processes with relevant extractions or emissions will be considered. A screening approach is used to focus only on main contributions. Contributions from the production of capital goods (like trucks, machines); personal related processes (like factory canteens, commuting) and production of materials representing less than 5% of the product mass are not taken into consideration. Impact assessment methodology and interpretation. The aim of impact assessment is to evaluate the significance of potential environmental impacts using the results from the LCI phase. Environmental impacts are quantified as far as possible in an LCA. For this quantification, the classification and characterization methodologies are used. Classification is the assignment of individual inventory parameters to impact categories, e. g. , acidification or green house effect. Characterization is the conversion of LCI units into common units within each impact category with the aid of equivalence factors. In the LCA for a spring mattress, the following environmental impact categories should be considered: abiotic recourse depletion (exhaust), greenhouse effect (global warming), human toxicity, acidification, ozone depletion, landscape depletion, nuisance and solid waste. In the interpretation phase, conclusions are Life cycle assessment of spring mattress. Reached and recommendations are made in accordance with the defined goal and scope of the study. Ciambrone (1997) posits that: â€Å"The environmental lifecycle analysis methodology has three basic components. These components overlap and build on each other to develop a life cycle analysis. The three components are: a) Inventory analysis. b) Impact analysis. c) Improvement analysis†. References. Ciambrone, D. 1997. Environmental Life Cycle Analysis. Hendrickson, C et al, 2006. Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services, An Input-Output Approach. ISO 14041 Standards.

Good Communication Skills Are Essential for Teachers Essay

There are many Primary School teachers that work in our society, teaching children different subjects and skills whilst at school. These subjects consist of Maths, English, art, PE and History. The curriculum set by the board of education is essential so children can learn to read and write amongst other skills learnt so they may be able to as adults live and function productively in society. For students to learn these skills efficiently Early Primary school teachers need to have good communication skills. The four key areas that good communication is imperative is teaching students, interacting with parents, consulting with staff and behaviour management. Early Primary school Teachers need great communication skills to be able to teach children so they can learn to the best of their ability. Teachers will be teaching children who are in different levels of development and abilities. They need good communication skills verbally and physically to cater for the different capacities th at children learn at, and cater their teaching styles to them. Teachers have goals and objectives they aim to achieve whilst teaching children in primary school. They need to be able to differentiate their teaching style whilst teaching a subject or activity the class is doing to cater for the different learning abilities. This needs to be communicated to the students in a simple , clear format both written and verbal . This enables students who have low attainment levels

The Right and Wrong of Writing

The Right and Wrong of Writing The Right and Wrong of Writing The Right and Wrong of Writing By Mark Nichol Who or what determines what is correct form in writing, and what is incorrect? Many nations have an official body that regulates the national language to protect it from extinction or at least from degradation. (France’s Academie Francaise, in particular, seems to exist primarily to prevent pollution of the French language by importation of English words let me know how that works out, mes amis). This paternal protection, however, does not extend to grammar and punctuation and the like. The United States is not among those countries with prose police, but our library and bookstore shelves groan with dictionaries and grammar, usage, and style manuals as well as handbooks that guide us in our use of punctuation and the Internet abounds with more of the same. These resources are not necessarily engrossing reading (unless you’re a word nerd), but they are exemplary models in practicing what they preach, and they are likely to be much more reader-friendly than the dread-inducing language arts textbooks of our schooldays. Why, then, has the quality of writing declined so dramatically that we might benefit from an English Academy one devoted not to language purity (which words we use, and which ones we don’t) but to monitoring the written form of that language? The democratization of publishing is primarily responsible, I think. Because, thanks to the dramatic increase in options for businesses and organizations to disseminate information by way of text online and in print, and because of the ease of self-publishing the same media affords anyone with access to them, more and more people who don’t pay attention to such details are writing and being read, which of course exposes so many more people to the errors. Thus, erroneous usage not just in hyphenation, punctuation, spelling, and other mechanical mistakes but also in infelicities of grammar, syntax, usage, and other more substantial elements of writing is multiplied virally because of the shift in the signal-to-noise ration: Fewer people are reading rigorously written and edited prose, and more people are reading writing crafted with less care. This, I believe, is the culprit in the decline of quality in published writing I’ve observed over the years both as an editor and as someone who takes a busman’s holiday every time I read for information or pleasure. The reason for the decrease in consumption of meticulously produced content is twofold. Fewer people actively seek good writing. But equally culpable are the publishing industries, the erstwhile guardians of good writing, which compromise the quality of periodicals and other publications because they discourage labor-intensive practices necessary for producing high-quality writing, practices inimical to lean-business strategies that result in high profits. This issue brings up a question I’m surprised people don’t ask more often: In the realm of writing, if so many people do something seen as wrong or nonstandard, doesn’t that make it right? After all, that’s how new laws are written and how societal mores changes. And that’s how language changes. So, if the majority of writers write, â€Å"You and me† at the head of a sentence instead of â€Å"you and I† (or reverse their preferences when the phrase is the object of a sentence), why is the former usage considered incorrect and the latter one deemed the acceptable way? The majority seems to beg to differ. Because language doesn’t turn on a dime. For sanity to prevail, there must be a period of time between shifts in rules of usage and punctuation and other elements of writing in which we respond to â€Å"Everybody else does it† the way a parent would react to that type of justification uttered by a willful teenager: â€Å"Well, if everybody else went and jumped off a cliff, would you?† By the same token, we need to scold writers by saying, â€Å"Well, if everybody uses comma splices, does that mean you should, too?† At the risk of seeming like a strict parent, that’s why I’m going to defend my rigor by saying that popular usage is not a standard. It is not a guidebook. And I will follow my own counsel: I will adhere to the rules (unless I have an indefensible reason to break one now and then), and I will exhort others to do the same. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Synonyms for â€Å"Angry†50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy ProductsPreposition Mistakes #3: Two Idioms

Anarchy Essays - Political Philosophy, Politics, Anti-fascism

Anarchy Essays - Political Philosophy, Politics, Anti-fascism Anarchy Anarchy, coming from the greek term meaning "without government", is the political theory that society does not need a government to run the country or any governmental fundings (although robbing them of what they robbed us wouldn't hurt). Many people believe that anarchy is a horrible and impossible way of living, stating that anarchism would leave us vulnerable to criminals and terrorists. This may be because of the terroristic methods that anarchists have taken to reach their ultimate goal. The terroristic anarchism movement came under the leadership of Mikhail Bakunin in the 1800's, and have continued with most individual anarchists and anarchist groups. I admit, there are some vulnerabilities to anarchism, yet nothing that couldn't be avoided by taking the nessecary precautions. Religion, although in most cases wouldn't matter, is still a major factor in a society of anarchy. If a community is filled with religous people where the religion is full of good intentions and peace, the community will hold up considerably well. If a community is filled with religous people following a religion with bad intentions and hate, it may turn out two ways under the circumstances. Everyone could intentionally harm eachother due to the bad intentions, or everyone within the community could be peaceful to eachother due to the fact they all follow the same religion. There are many different ways of anarchism. It could be that the country is seperated into towns purely helping out the town and occasionally interacting with other neighboring towns, or that it is like it is today. Other types of governmental systems are not as free as anarchism. The idea of democracy is relatively swell, but governments today form and mold it to their own likings.For instance, in a certain state, a shock rock band known today as Marilyn Manson is prohibited from holding a concert there, which the law itself should be prohibited due to the constitution and its right of "Free Speech". Also, even though the American government today is supposedly not allowed to have influence upon religions, there are at least three cases in which they refer to God (Christian), the Pledge of Allegiance, dollar bill and coin currency, and the swearing of truth in courts of law. In the pledge of allegiance, I quote, "One nation, under God", in the dollar bill and coinage, I quote, "In God we trust", and in the swearing of the truth, I quote (in most cases), "Do you swear to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth so help you God?" These are simply examples of the power governments have and often abuse. Communism runs bussinesses like a clock. No one is allowed to make more money than their equal co-workers even if their co-workers are slacking off while you are working to your limit. Monarchy includes kings, queens, and czars who have limited powers set by a legislative group. Dictatorship is like monarchy but with unlimited powers for the ruler. Now, with any type of government, things will change. Now matter how it is at one point, the government will form itself into another type of government with different rules and laws. History No one really knows where the theory of anarchy originates, nor it's international symbol, the circled "A", although there have been reports of an anarchist militia member in the Spanish Civil War with a clearly inscribed circled A on the back of his helmet. Anarchism dates back long ago with legends of countries of a "golden age" which preceded goverenments, and has also appeared among early Christian groups. Pierre Joseph Proudhon, a frenchman also known known as "The Father of Anarchism", started the first anarchism mass movement, urging the voluntary cooperation of men without any regulation or government. As time passed, the power of anarchism has declined, yet played a role in the Spanish Civil War, and recently entered Albania. In Albania, the government corrupted completely due to rebel attacks. It is now in complete ruins with theives and murderers running the streets. In one area, a few people tried to open a bombshell for it's gunpowder, used unwise methods and the bomb exploded, as well as the bombs around it. Obviously, this is not a country with willing, voluntary people working to restore order without government.

Biography of Robert Hooke, the Man Who Discovered Cells

Biography of Robert Hooke, the Man Who Discovered Cells Robert Hooke (July 18, 1635–March 3, 1703) was a 17th-century natural philosopher- an early scientist- noted for a variety of observations of the natural world. But perhaps his most notable discovery came in 1665 when he looked at a sliver of cork through a microscope lens and discovered cells. Fast Facts: Robert Hooke Known For: Experiments with a microscope, including the discovery of cells, and coining of the termBorn: July 18, 1635 in Freshwater, the Isle of Wight, EnglandParents: John Hooke, vicar of Freshwater and his second wife Cecily GylesDied: March 3, 1703 in LondonEducation: Westminster in London, and Christ Church at Oxford, as a laboratory assistant of Robert BoylePublished Works: Micrographia: or some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies made by Magnifying Glasses with Observations and Inquiries Thereupon Early Life Robert Hooke was born July 18, 1635, in Freshwater on the Isle of Wight off the southern coast of England, the son of the vicar of Freshwater John Hooke and his second wife Cecily Gates. His health was delicate as a child, so Robert was kept at home until after his father died. In 1648, when Hooke was 13, he went to London and was first apprenticed to painter Peter Lely and proved fairly good at the art, but he left because the fumes affected him. He enrolled at Westminster School in London, where he received a solid academic education including Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, and also gained training as an instrument maker. He later went on to Oxford and, as a product of Westminster, entered Christ Church college, where he became the friend and laboratory assistant of Robert Boyle, best known for his natural law of gases known as Boyles Law. Hooke invented a wide range of things at Christ Church, including a balance spring for watches, but he published few of them. He did publish a tract on capillary attraction in 1661, and it was that treatise the brought him to the attention of the Royal Society for Promoting Natural History, founded just a year earlier. The Royal Society The Royal Society for Promoting Natural History (or Royal Society) was founded in November 1660 as a group of like-minded scholars. It was not associated with a particular university but rather funded under the patronage of the British king Charles II. Members during Hookes day included Boyle, the architect Christopher Wren, and the natural philosophers John Wilkins and Isaac Newton; today, it boasts 1,600 fellows from around the world. In 1662, the Royal Society offered Hooke the initially unpaid curator position, to furnish the society with three or four experiments each week- they promised to pay him as soon as the society had the money. Hooke did eventually get paid for the curatorship, and when he was named a professor of geometry, he gained housing at Gresham college. Hooke remained in those positions for the rest of his life; they offered him the opportunity to research whatever interested him. Observations and Discoveries Hooke was, like many of the members of the Royal Society, wide-reaching in his interests. Fascinated by seafaring and navigation, Hooke invented a depth sounder and water sampler. In September 1663, he began keeping daily weather records, hoping that would lead to reasonable weather predictions. He invented or improved all five basic meteorological instruments (the barometer, thermometer, hydroscope, rain gauge, and wind gauge), and developed and printed a form to record weather data. Some 40 years before Hooke joined the Royal Society, Galileo had invented the microscope (called an occhiolino  at the time, or wink in Italian); as curator, Hooke bought a commercial version and began an extremely wide and varying amount of research with it, looking at plants, molds, sand, and fleas. Among his discoveries were fossil shells in sand (now recognized as foraminifera), spores in mold, and the bloodsucking practices of mosquitoes and lice. Discovery of the Cell Hooke is best known today for his identification of the cellular structure of plants. When he looked at a sliver of cork through his microscope, he noticed some pores or cells in it. Hooke believed the cells had served as containers for the noble juices or fibrous threads of the once-living cork tree. He thought these cells existed only in plants, since he and his scientific contemporaries had observed the structures only in plant material. Nine months of experiments and observations are recorded in his 1665 book Micrographia: or some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies made by Magnifying Glasses with Observations and Inquiries Thereupon, the first book describing observations made through a microscope. It featured many drawings, some of which have been attributed to Christopher Wren, such as that of a detailed flea observed through the microscope. Hooke was the first person to use the word cell to identify microscopic structures when he was describing cork. His other observations and discoveries include: Hookes Law: A  law of elasticity for solid bodies, which described how tension increases and decreases in a spring coilVarious observations on the nature of gravity, as well as heavenly bodies such as comets and planetsThe nature of fossilization, and its implications for biological history Death and Legacy Hooke was a brilliant scientist, a pious Christian, and a difficult and impatient man. What kept him from true success was a lack of interest in mathematics. Many of his ideas inspired and were completed by others in and outside of the Royal Society, such as the Dutch pioneer microbiologist Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), navigator and geographer William Dampier (1652–1715), geologist Niels Stenson (better known as Steno, 1638–1686), and Hookes personal nemesis, Isaac Newton (1642–1727). When the Royal Society published Newtons Principia in 1686, Hooke accused him of plagiarism, a situation so profoundly affecting Newton that he put off publishing Optics until after Hooke was dead. Hooke kept a diary in which he discussed his infirmities, which were many, but although it doesnt have literary merit like Samuel Pepys, it also describes many details of daily life in London after the Great Fire. He died, suffering from scurvy and other unnamed and unknown illnesses, on March 3, 1703. He neither married nor had children. Sources Egerton, Frank N. A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 16: Robert Hooke and the Royal Society of London. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 86.2 (2005): 93–101. Print.Jardine, Lisa. Monuments and Microscopes: Scientific Thinking on a Grand Scale in the Early Royal Society. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 55.2 (2001): 289–308. Print.Nakajima, Hideto. Robert Hookes Family and His Youth: Some New Evidence from the Will of the Rev. John Hooke. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 48.1 (1994): 11–16. Print.Whitrow, G. J. Robert Hooke. Philosophy of Science 5.4 (1938): 493–502. Print.

Plagiarism is academic dishonesty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plagiarism is academic dishonesty - Essay Example Writing is the fundamental source of knowledge which is vital for progress and development in all areas. Therefore, writing has to be original and the ownership must be declared. Avoiding plagiarism is also necessary in order to improve the validity of information. When an individual owns a piece of writing, he/she essentially becomes responsible for the credibility of information given therein. This paper tends to explore what plagiarism and academic dishonesty are and the factors that influence academic dishonesty. Literature Review Plagiarism Plagiarism can be defined as the act of taking and using an individual’s thoughts, inventions, or writings and presenting them as your own in your paper. It is an honesty concern and it entails attempting to persuade someone like a college professor that the piece of writing or the idea is your original work, when you are aware that someone else exactly used the thought you did (Cruey 1). In other words, plagiarism is a literary theft. It is the stealth of ideas as well as words. Plagiarized work creates confusions about the original ownership of the data.

Does international law function effectively Essay

Does international law function effectively - Essay Example If we expand the definition to include nation states and simplify it somewhat we can say that any particular act can be seen as a crime if the international community defines it as such3.This is clearly the state of affairs when one examines the current state and the historical foundations of international law where crimes were said to be committed when countries broke agreements with each other, went back on treaties signed with groups of other nations, ignored international decisions or behaved in a inappropriate manner4 for a nation that wishes to be integrated into the larger global cooperative system that is currently taking place in the history of civilisation5. While this may show that international law and regulations have failed, it cab be shown that the law itself has not failed rather it is application of the law which has missed the mark completely. As a basic element of civilized living, it seems that the idea for not breaking any rules and following the law is ingrained into the members of a group simply because without respect for and agreement on certain rules, a society could completely fall under anarchy. To maintain laws, there is also the intimidation of punishment linked to breaking the laws but if a country or a ruler of a country knows that they can get away with it then it would be unlikely that they would continue to follow the law without incredible self restraint6. Even on an individual level, a society where certain powerful members or the elite play give little regard to the laws of the collective, the society can eventually get to a position where the law is utterly powerless and in many ways, this idea certainly applies to the global arena7. As there are lawgivers and lawbreakers in the global arena, there are also people and organisations responsible for keeping the law. In a city, town or country, it is relatively easy to enforce the law mainly because jurisdiction issues are not present. However, in the case of

Frankfurt School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Frankfurt School - Essay Example This Public Institution began in 1923, where Marxism was the main theory as part of the Institute's proceedings. It was the first Institute of Research that followed Marxism. This change took place so as to do away with the Christian Religion and ideologies that involved the lives of the European people and other relevant matters. The members of the Frankfurt School developed a theory that was meant to change the entire system by which people of that century were living. The Frankfurt School was in full gear to wipe out Christianity completely not only from the lives of all students but even in the social circle and within families. Their main aim was to create a turning point in society where philosophical theory (metaphysics) did not fit into their concept and their outlook to life was a material world that depended on logical reasoning. This was an era of modernization with the synopsis of Marxism. Max Horkheimer took charge as Director of this institute in the year 1930. Horkheimer laid stress on the connection between Social philosophy and science. This institute developed a social theory that involved different branches of learning that could serve as an implementing tool to radically reform social conditions. This theory involved a combination of sociology, psychology, cultural and political economy along with the social and philosophical theory termed as "synthesis of social and philosophical theory". It also supported women's rights, racial equality, different kinds of post-colonial criticism. One of the series of studies that was vivid at the Institute of Social Research were the theories that involved exclusive trading privilege in the capital markets along with the advancement and functions of technology. It also involved trade between large dominant Corporate in the capital markets. In this study it also showed the deterioration of both "democracy" and "the identity of an individual". It also revealed the part played by the various cultures in the trading societies and the communication involved which gave rise to modernization in these various societies. It connected theories that were to take their place in the heart of social reformation making it last for many decades to come. The individuals involved in such thinking belonged to different branches of learning with a high level of intelligence. This intellectual thinking enabled them to keep the fundamentals of social theory always responsive and active even during a difficult historical era. During these tough situations these

Jurisprudence 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Jurisprudence 2 - Essay Example uggests that though main purpose of law is to protect interests of common people and maintain an atmosphere of social discipline, the issue of equality should not be ignored and all those institutions that are responsible for legal enforcement, should also be restrained from executing such steps that would violate the state of equality. Equal protection of law, which comes aftermath, reflects the ideal that law should be protected equally and the state of equal protection can only be attained if equality before law is respected accordingly. However, looking at social structure and consequent legal discourses that are aimed at attaining the situation of equality, it can be said that such state of equality has not been attained and in â€Å"Law & Ideology†, Robert Gordon, after analyzing nature of such legal discourses has pointed out, â€Å""[L]egal discourses ... routinely help to create and maintain the ordinary inequalities of everyday social life †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gordon, 20 08, p. 1226). A chronological study of ancient to modern legal philosophy, sociology and theories of social construction would clearly point out that according to jurisprudential arguments, one of the major reasons behind failure to attain desired social equality is several issues that have become integrally associated with different traits of human existence and restrain them from respecting the issue of equal existence. It is very often said that people were equal at the stage of their natural existence but since the time they became aware about necessity to develop community and live as social creatures, factors of equality or inequality intervened and later on started to dominate their existence. With the progress of human civilization and result of intellectual movements, people were gradually becoming aware of factors like, gender, class, social status, ethnicity, national identity, sexual orientation etc. While a particular section of people regarded understanding of these factors as scope to

Managment Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managment Planning - Research Paper Example Presently, the organization operates in over 60 international markets. The objectives of the organization are to attain an overall growth in terms of governance, organizational culture, customer retention and enhanced financial strength (Tyco, 2011). Therefore, management planning holds a vital role in the decision-making process of the organization. The objective of the paper will be to recognize the various management functions considered in the organization, i.e. ‘planning, organizing, leading and controlling’ as identified by Bateman & Snell (2009). It will further intend to evaluate the influences of legal issues, ethical considerations and corporate social responsibilities (CSR) on the management planning. It will also intend to identify and evaluate three other factors in the external and/or in the internal environment which have a significant influence on the strategic, tactical, operational and contingency planning. 2.0. Planning Functions of Management Accordin g to Bateman & Snell (2009), â€Å"management is the process of working with people and resources to accomplish organisational goals†. In order to execute the process with efficiency it is quite essential for the managers to take the support of a well-structured management planning. ... organizational leaders to identify the further scope of the business in terms of product line and efficiency but also plays a major role in rewarding an enhanced strategic value to the organization (Bateman & Snell, 2009). To be related with Tyco’s long-term management planning, its further initiation concentrates on its growth strategies. During the management planning for the future years, the company leaders also consider the opportunities focusing on the investments in ADT, marketing & sales and R&D (research & development). The planning also includes ‘bolt-on acquisitions’ along with further concentration on productivity improvements and capital allocations (Tyco, 2011). The planning function executed by Tyco can be observed as entirely based on the goals, i.e. to attain overall development comprising every aspect of the organization. Hence, the planning functions of the organization can be referred to be as highly effective considering the aspects raised by Bateman and Snell. 2.2. Organizing Organizing is referred to as a complex process considering almost every aspect involved in the management decision-making, from financial factors to the issues related with human resources. While executing the function, managers should not only consider the aspects active in the internal environment of the organization, but also emphasize on the external influencing factors, such as laws, socio-demographic features and others (Bateman & Snell, 2009). In this regard, the organizational leaders can be witnessed to effectively organize the available resources with due consideration to the external influencing factors. For instance, the strategic objective of the organization correlates with the technological, operational and branding or marketing along with the

Jurisprudence 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Jurisprudence 2 - Essay Example uggests that though main purpose of law is to protect interests of common people and maintain an atmosphere of social discipline, the issue of equality should not be ignored and all those institutions that are responsible for legal enforcement, should also be restrained from executing such steps that would violate the state of equality. Equal protection of law, which comes aftermath, reflects the ideal that law should be protected equally and the state of equal protection can only be attained if equality before law is respected accordingly. However, looking at social structure and consequent legal discourses that are aimed at attaining the situation of equality, it can be said that such state of equality has not been attained and in â€Å"Law & Ideology†, Robert Gordon, after analyzing nature of such legal discourses has pointed out, â€Å""[L]egal discourses ... routinely help to create and maintain the ordinary inequalities of everyday social life †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gordon, 20 08, p. 1226). A chronological study of ancient to modern legal philosophy, sociology and theories of social construction would clearly point out that according to jurisprudential arguments, one of the major reasons behind failure to attain desired social equality is several issues that have become integrally associated with different traits of human existence and restrain them from respecting the issue of equal existence. It is very often said that people were equal at the stage of their natural existence but since the time they became aware about necessity to develop community and live as social creatures, factors of equality or inequality intervened and later on started to dominate their existence. With the progress of human civilization and result of intellectual movements, people were gradually becoming aware of factors like, gender, class, social status, ethnicity, national identity, sexual orientation etc. While a particular section of people regarded understanding of these factors as scope to

The Effectness of Nike Brand Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

The Effectness of Nike Brand Marketing - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the Nike brand name and its swoosh logo is perhaps one of the most recognizable throughout the world along with those of Coca-Cola, Disney and Microsoft. Its products are greatly performing and currently, the brand is the market leader of its industry. The most recent market report places Nike comfortably ahead of Adidas, its closest competitor, with a 36 percent global sales as opposed to the latter’s 21.8 percent. Willigan credits much of this success to the fact that Nike is a champion brand builder, with its promotional slogans like â€Å"Bo Knows,† â€Å"Just Do it’† and â€Å"There Is No Finish Line,† -among others distinctive mantras- have moved beyond advertising into popular expression, demonstrating the extent of Nike’s intrusion in many people’s consciousness and how it has evolved.As the paper outlines  Nike’s history demonstrates a development and emergence of a quintessential   company. It was started by Philip Knight in his mother’s bathroom back in 1962 with the name Blue Ribbon Sports. From then until 1971, the â€Å"start-up† company was a fledgling player in the shoe industry. The year after, however, would radically change the fate of the shoe manufacturer. When William Bowerman, then a running coach at the University of Oregon, presented to Knight how a piece of malleable rubber on a waffle iron could actually enhance running performance, Knight took this presentation to heart, and Nike was born.... (MSNBC 2008) Willigan (2009) credits much of this success to the fact that Nike is a champion brand builder, with its promotional slogans like â€Å"Bo Knows,† â€Å"Just Do it’† and â€Å"There Is No Finish Line,† -among others distinctive mantras- have moved beyond advertising into popular expression, demonstrating the extent of Nike’s intrusion in many people’s consciousness and how it has evolved. Background Nike’s history demonstrates a development and emergence of a quintessential company. It was started by Philip Knight in his mother’s bathroom back in 1962 with the name Blue Ribbon Sports. From then until 1971, the â€Å"start-up† company was a fledgling player in the shoe industry. The year after, however, would radically change the fate of the shoe manufacturer. When William Bowerman, then a running coach at the University of Oregon, presented to Knight how a piece of malleable rubber on a waffle iron could actu ally enhance running performance, Knight took this presentation to heart, and Nike was born. Pinxten and Preckler (2006) chronicled this pivotal presentation: By attaching such a cushioning piece of rubber to the sole of the shoes, they would become both lighter in weight and more durable. In twelve years sales rose from $2 million in 1972 to $919 million by 1984. (p13) From the earliest stage of Nike’s history, promotions have been a fundamental part of its operations. This is best represented by the choice of Nike – the name of the Greek winged goddess of victory – as well as the swoosh logo, which, for its part, was designed largely for aesthetic purposes. This was, according to Gereffi and Korzeniewicz (1994), an

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Essay All typical detective stories have features in common. They all contain a detective, also the stories contain a crime and a criminal, also in typical detective stories the criminal usually has a motive. Another detail in a murder story is: the detective always begins an investigation and this leads to the discovery of the criminal.  The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes were set and written in Victorian England by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The Hound of the Baskervilles is about a big black vicious hound that is haunting the Baskerville Family and after the mysterious death of Sir Charles Baskerville; the legend of the hound was revived. A man goes to tell Holmes and Watson. Holmes and Watson take up the case. The Speckled Band is about a woman who tells Holmes that her sister has died. The woman thinks its her stepfather, Dr Roylott. She believes that he has killed her for her inheritance  The Man With The Twisted Lip is about a woman who sees her husband in a window of an opium den and goes in to see him but he isnt there. She asks Holmes to investigate.  Sherlock Holmes stories are unusual in that they are not written from the detectives point of view. It is written from Dr Watsons point of view. This means that the reader knows the events as they are happening and doesnt know what the detective is going to do next. This enhances the murder mystery quality because the reader wants to know what happens next and it builds suspense with the reader Typical Sherlock Holmes crime settings are normally dark, damp and gloomy places. These are normally places such as dark alleyways and streets. Also big stately homes made to look like eerie haunted places. Another setting is out on the moors in Hound of the Baskervilles, the moors are foggy and it is usually raining.  The Manor House settings used in the Hound of the Baskervilles and The Speckled Band contain large portraits on the walls of large old rooms. They also contain old wooden doors that creak as they open and the doors lead into large open passageways. A large wall surrounds the whole manor and at the entrance were two large iron gates. This enhances tension because it makes the reader feel the tension that the characters are feeling and it places a picture of the setting in their mind. The moors around the manor house in Hound of the Baskervilles are foggy and mysterious, they are barren and inhospitable. They seem abandoned and lonely. The moors contain dangerous quicksand. This creates tension, by the reader knowing, that something spooky or dangerous is about to happen. The opium den in The Man with the Twisted Lip is dark, dank and smoky. There are bodies spread all over the floor in different positions. The untypical story is the Hound of the Baskervilles because its set out of London, on a moor whereas all of his other stories are set in homes or London. The criminals in Sherlock Holmes are not typical because they have obscure ways of doing things. We know that Dr Roylott has a criminal nature because he is aggressive and shows his strength when he comes to see Holmes. This quote shows Dr Roylott when he bends the poker in Holmes apartment He bent it into a curve with his huge brown hands. This shows his strength and aggressive nature. Another quote that shows how everyone became scared of him, because when ever he went out he either got into brawls or quarrelled with the locals. He became the terror of the village  We doubt Hugh Boone as a criminal because he doesnt really commit a crime, he was a man in lots of debt so he ran away and disguised himself as a beggar and started life again. Which suggests he is a proud man but not a criminal

Assessment Of Mrs Baker Nursing Essay

Assessment Of Mrs Baker Nursing Essay Upon admitting Mrs. Baker to the ER assist her into a gown. While assisting into the gown notice any skin issues, such as injury from the fall, or irritation from possible prior falls or injuries. Elderly people often have issues such as dehydration, of which the signs may be skin tenting, poor turgor, and red areas from pressure, ask about fluid intake and record capillary refill. Mrs. Baker, as a known diabetic, could have unhealed sores or ulcerations and signs of neuropathy, ask about any numbness or tingling. Assisting the patient into a gown may also determine if there are bladder and bowel continence issues. While assisting to gown use the opportunity to question the patient about what, in her opinion, happened. While asking about the incident, ask if there have been periods of light headedness or dizziness, apply a cardiac monitor and pulse oximeter, for observation. Ask the patient if there are any areas that hurt, or if there is any pain even unassociated with the fall. Whi le questioning the patient about what happened and the patients theory of why, evaluate speech pattern and level of orientation, the patients awareness of time and cognitive ability may be assessed at this time. Determine if the patient can provide an accurate account of the fall and what preceded the fall. While assessing the patient, it is essential to look at each system and watch for nonverbal signs of pain. Observe the patient, for signs of confusion and check for pupil response to light. Auscultating lung sounds, listen for adventitious sounds such as rhonchi, rales, or wheezes. Listen to determine if lung sounds are present in all lung fields. Auscultate heart sounds, listen for irregularities, is there a murmur noted. Evaluate cardiac monitor for arrhythmias. Question the patient about any chest pain, tightness, or heaviness. Palpate peripheral pulses, note if they are equal, note the quality if they are thread /bounding, and are pulses even on each side. Obtain vital signs such as blood pressure, orthostatic if possible as this is common with HCTZ and Lisinopril; maintain a 30 minute check on blood pressure readings, note rate and quality of respiratory effort along with oxygen readings. Ask again if the patient has any pain as pain may increase readings in blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pulse. The elderly are sometimes reluctant to report pain, thinking it is all part of the aging process and accepts it as a part of life. Many may not report physical discomfort due to the fear that they may lose independence or the risk of being viewed as a burden. Anxiety may also raise vital sign readings; attempt to explain all procedures to the patient. This not only contributes to trust from the patient, but also reduces some of the fear from the unknown. Listen to bowel sounds, indicate the presence of or lack of in all quadrants. Ask the patient about bowel pattern if possible when the last bowel movement was, palpate for any sign of tenderness or guard ing. Examine the face, hands, and feet for edema. While checking the lower extremities for edema, indicate the quality of pulses in the legs. Pay attention to color and texture of the skin in the legs and feet, note any sores or red areas, note capillary refill. Pay attention to the temperature of the legs as lower extremities blood clots is common. Again, it is necessary to explain the examination to the patient in order to reduce anxiety and to reassure the patient. If the patient is able, ask about medications and when was the last time they were taken. Ask about the time the last meal was eaten. Once the initial assessment is completed, explain to the patient that there will be some tests to assist in determining the medical problems at present. It is advisable to ask if the patient has questions for the nurse; this may aid in preventing any misunderstandings. Technological tools, uses, and benefits Some of the tools frequently used in the assessment, of any patient, start with auscultation and palpation. Listening to the patients verbal response is an advantage to the assessment; however, listening to the heart, lungs, and abdomen is required. To begin, start an IV site and obtain the needed blood for testing, this may prevent a delay in treatment. Be aware of the length of time the tourniquet is applied to the patient, quality of the lab draw is also a factor in the values obtained. After obtaining the blood work, begin a physical assessment. Listening to heart sounds may provide information about various cardiac problems such as a heart murmur; deviation in heart sounds may indicate a cardiac condition. Lung sounds may determine if there are pulmonary issues such as bronchitis, pneumonia, or pulmonary edema. Listening and palpation of the abdomen may indicate irregularities in the gut, such as an obstruction or potential aneurysm. Asking about pain or tightness in the chest m ay also indicate a possible cardiac condition. Ask about any history of chest pain or tightness. Noting the rate and respiratory effort, along with a continuous pulse oximeter, assist in determining pulmonary problems. Ask if there have been any problems with shortness of breath. Blood pressure readings, especially orthostatic in a falls patient may lead to indications leading to the fall. Along with the possible reason for the fall, this may also assist in the determination of medication misuse. The elderly may sometimes forget they have taken their medication and repeat the dosage. Obtaining a blood glucose level may also determine if the fall is related to hypoglycemia. Knowing or having an idea of when the last meal was eaten, and when the medications were taken, also assist in determining possible reasons for the fall. Having knowledge of the estimated fluid intake may also be useful as a tool in the analysis of causative agents. Dehydration in the elderly can cause confusion a nd light headedness. The continuous cardiac, oxygen, and blood pressure readings are necessary to watch for sudden changes that may occur. Cardiac monitors assist in determining if there are irregularities in the electrical conduction, in the heart, early detection and treatment may prevent further complications. Oxygen readings assist in determining the amount of capillary oxygen and profusion difficulty; this may indicate the need for supplemental oxygen before further decompensation. Frequent checks in blood pressure may be the first sign of sepsis in an elderly person. Other testing and tools used is a chest X-ray, viewing a chest X-ray aids in determining pulmonary issues not noted during the physical examine treatment for pulmonary issues can quickly be obtained. A CT scan of the brain, without contrast, may be used to rule out a brain bleed. A CT scan of the lungs, without contrast, will assess for possible pulmonary embolus. To use contrast, the results of the renal function are needed. Blood testing is critical in determining the bodily functions. Obtaining a complete blood count tells the general hydration, amount of volume and signs of infection with an elevated white blood count, hypervolemia can be promptly corrected; low red blood count indicates the lack of oxygen carrying capacity and may require a transfusion. A complete metabolic profile lends details of renal and hepatic function, as well as levels for key electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, and glucose, this also aids in monitoring for metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. With lisinopril, it is common to see an elevation in bun, creatinine, and lowering of glucose levels. HCTZ is known for lowering the potassium, sodium, and magnesium levels. The combination of HCTZ and lisinopril are known to cause dizziness, and palpations and should be monitored closely especially in people with renal impairment and /or of advanced age. Cardiac enzymes are drawn to evaluate the cardiac muscle, to determine if there are cardiac issues. Arterial blood gases assist in determining the pulmonary system function, this also aids in determining respiratory acidosis or alkalosis. Another lab test highly beneficial is a urinalysis with culture and sensitivity. When there is a urinary infection in an elderly person, it may cause dizziness and confusion. The culture helps to determine the proper medication for the organism responsible for the infection. The urine tests also indicate if there are ketones or proteins being spilled in the urine; this is a frequent problem in diabetic patients. Obtaining a twelve lead EKG aids in determining any irregularities in the cardiac conduction, such as heart blocks and ventricular ectopy that are often seen as a result of low potassium. Blood cultures may also be required to determine if there is an infection. Frequently an opportunistic infection may lead to sepsis, and the elderly often do not present that ill until the infection is severe. T he elderly may not always present with an elevated temperature; this cannot be the only sign of illness. All the testing and the physical analysis will help to determine potential health issues, but the best source of information is to monitor the patient. Being aware of changes in the patient status and comfort level is required. Continuous visual monitoring may assist in treating sudden changes in the patient. Frequent questions pertaining to the comfort level are required in the elderly as they may be reluctant to admit pain. Explain that pain, of any level, can be addressed, and that comfort may assist in the treatment. Data collection prioritization It is essential to prioritize the data collection and report findings to the physician. The application of monitoring devices, such as a cardiac monitor, blood pressure machines, and pulse oximeter, may be done as the patient is being gowned. Visual inspection of the skin may also be done at this time. While gowning the patient, asking about medications and history may also be accomplished. Starting the IV site and obtaining blood work will get information to the physician quickly and should be done as soon as possible. Collect a finger stick for blood glucose, as this may determine if the patient is hypoglycemic. The EKG and ABGs are also critical information needed as soon as possible. A chest X-ray may be done next, along with a CT scan of the brain and lungs, without contrast. Collection of the urine for testing can be collected after the other departments have finished what needs to be done. As the patient is on a continuous monitor for cardiac, respiratory, and blood pressure i t is easy to monitor for changes. It is now appropriate to complete the physical assessment of the patient. This saves time while awaiting the results from lab, x-ray, and cardiopulmonary departments. Report any irregularity in the assessment to the doctor as soon as possible. While obtaining information from the patient, it is necessary to ask about pain and monitor for nonverbal cues during the assessment. Morphine, low dose (0.05mg/kg IV) for pain may be appropriate at this time as it decreases the oxygen demand from the heart and may reduce anxiety. Tylenol may not be the medication of choice until liver function is established. Advise the physician that the patient has been taking HCTZ, Lisinopril, and metformin. The combination of HCTZ and Lisinopril may cause dizziness and dehydration. Lisinopril also aids in lowering blood glucose levels, and should be monitored closely especially in people with renal impairment and/or of advanced age. This combination may also cause palpati ons and dizziness. HCTZ can cause electrolyte imbalances leading to alkalosis. The patient may also be experiencing a drug hypersensitivity to the lisinopril. Signs would include dyspnea, chest tightness, and arterial acidosis, requiring intubation (Hydrochlorothiazide and Lisinopril side effects, Drugs.com). If the patient was medicated for pain, check for relief of symptoms. Verbal affirmation should be listed on a scale of 1-10 according to the flacc scale. If the patient has pain relief, note this with the physician. Monitor for lab results and report any findings outside the normal range, the same with EKG, ABGs, x-ray, and CT scan. Monitor the patient for changes in mentation, and visible signs of changes. The elderly may have sudden changes; it is advisable to monitor closely. With continuous monitoring, and noting the change in status of Mrs. Baker, there would be more aggressive measures taken. A rapid response from respiratory therapy would be needed, and a request for the attending physician, for the mental status and respiratory changes and the possible need for increased measures such as intubation. A repeat of ABGs would be needed; STAT results are indicated. Radiology should be available for potential tube placement. All team members should be alerted for the possibility of a code blue alert. The staff needs to be monitoring the cardiac status at all times. With respiratory arrest, cardiac is soon to follow. Rapid response to changes in respiratory status can prevent further complications. Constant monitoring of the flacc scale may assist in monitoring the patients comfort level. A patient may show signs of discomfort by moaning, thrashing about, or facial grimace. Being aware of this may aid in the quality of patient care. The patient may not be a ble to tell that they hurt, but body language speaks volumes. If the patient is indicating that they are in pain, morphine at a low dose may be used (0.05mg /kg IV). Considering the slower metabolism of the elderly, it is necessary to medicate accordingly. This not only aids in pain relief, but also lowers the oxygen demand by the heart. Close observation of the patient is mandatory. If the medication is effective the signs observed will diminish and the patient will appear more relaxed, with little or no signs of pain (possible lower BP and heart rate, no facial grimace, more relaxed, less restlessness). The alert patient can verbalize the effectiveness of pain medications, with an unresponsive person we must rely on physical cues that are presented. Again, it is important to report pain relief to the physician and continue to watch for changes in the patient. Rapid evaluation and assessment, accurate data, and concise information are imperative to patient care. When assessing the elderly it is necessary to remember that due to the aging process, metabolism of medications may be slowed. With advanced age, there is also a reduction in renal and hepatic filtering. The elderly may also be reluctant to report pain. When caring for the elderly, it is necessary to keep their viewpoint in mind, and to explain procedures prior to the procedure. A reduction in anxiety may assist in a trusting relationship and aid in lowering blood pressure and heart rate. It is also helpful to remember that changes can occur rapidly with the elderly and that they may not always present as with a younger person. Keep an open mind and alert at all times.

Bilingual Education :: American History

Bilingual Education In order to learn more about the bilingual education program in the Public School system, we felt it would be essential to discuss a few controversial issues with some bilingual teachers, and ask them for their opinion on the effectiveness of the system and the concept of bilingual education. We also questioned the benefits and disadvantages of the program. We wrote and asked these question with Latino (Puerto Rican) migrants in mind, however the Public School system consists of many ethnic groups which speak other languages other than Spanish. As one of the teachers stated, the political connotation that Bilingual Education carries is that of concerning only Spanish and English. We interviewed Mrs. Aida Ramos (Vice-Principal), Ms. Clara Velez (Bilingual Math Teacher), Mrs. Irene Killian (TESOL), Ms. Zoraida Ortiz (Bilingual Science Teacher), and Ms. Nancy Harrison (TESOL/Bilingual Computer Lab Teacher). When we asked these teachers whether they supported or were against the bilingual education system, they each shouted their answer as if it were instinctive. Although they had different reasons why, each and every one of the teachers said they supported the system without a doubt. We were given a multitude of reasons why bilingual education is advantageous. Ms. Velez stated that she supports bilingual education because, first and foremost, she is a product of it, and second because she believes the program allows the children to earn credit and learn the language at the same time. She said that if the non-English speaking child were immersed in the English mainstream classes they will fail, and as a result the already high drop out rate of Latinos would increase. Ms. Harrison felt that the bilingual education program would be even stronger and more effective if it served more of the ethnic groups in Hartford. The Vietnamese, Lao, and Albanian students are often put in transi tional classes because there are not enough in that particular ethnic group to create a bilingual class that will help them to learn English, while maintaining their primary language. Presently, the state requires twenty students who need assistance in the same language to hire a teacher to create a class for them. She also stated that the students in bilingual education classes have just as many difficulties in academics as do the students in mainstream education, and that the bilingual education program is often used as a scapegoat for those students not achieving.

History Of Rock And Roll: The Beatles Essay

If there were would be one band that achieved fame more than any other else, this band is on the top of the list. This band reached the pinnacle and forever left their mark not just in the Rock and Roll scene but in the whole music industry. Not only did they made a lasting impact on music, but they also served as one of the most unforgettable people or group in the history of the world. Their music served influential and created a social impact as well. Composed of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, this group is arguably the most popular band of all time, the Beatles. THE BEATLES A group that originated in the small bars of Liverpool, the Beatles started off as one and only band who led the â€Å"British Invasion† into the United States. Their musical style can be easily attributed to the 1950s early rock and roll but eventually they grew into different genres that ranged from pop to psychedelic rock. They became trend-setters and their clothes, statements and styles became widely popular during that era. They even became a major influence in the 1960s’ social and cultural revolutions. â€Å"Their arrival in the United States marked such a wide recognition and frenzy. Like an approaching thunderstorm, the Beatles’ arrival in America was preceded by a few low rumbles and flashes of light, none of them giving more than the slightest hint of the potency to follow. Noting the saturation coverage in England of the Beatles’ Royal Command Performance two weeks earlier, Newsweek magazine offered one of the first American impressions of the band and its music. The tone of condescension and contempt in an article in the issue of November 18, 1963, would set a standard that virtually all American media would follow for months† (Goldsmith, 2004, p. 115) They have been one of the most successful bands commercially and has been noted as a critically acclaimed band that ruled the entire music scene. The Beatles has become the band that tops the charts among the best selling musical groups of all time. They had made almost more than 40 different songs that reached the top of the charts. And not were they only famous in the United States and the United Kingdom, but they were famous in almost every continent of the world. It has been estimated that they have already sold a billion records. The music of The Beatles displayed an array of songs depicting various messages and lyrics that ranged from different emotions. They were just made up of 2 guitars, 1 bass guitar and 1 drum set, though sometimes they use other musical instruments to create variations with their music. They also incorporated the Piano in some of their songs. The Beatles were influenced by R&B music and they kept on continuing to take different influences even if they have received initial success. Most of the time, they find new lyrical and musical ideas by listening to contemporary music. Some of these influences include Bob Dylan, who made an influence on songs as â€Å"Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)†, and â€Å"You’ve Got to Hide Your Love Away†. There are many other influential contemporary bands that made an impact on the Beatles, some of them are the Beach boys and the Byrds. The album of the Beach Boys’ named â€Å"Pet Sounds† was strongly liked by Paul McCartney and the band’s producer claimed that without that album, the album of the Beatles’ â€Å"Sgt. Pepper† won’t even exist as good as it did. While McCartney loved the Beach Boys, John Lennon gave high praise to the King of Rock, Elvis Presley. Lennon claimed that Elvis inspired him to buy records. He thought that the early music of Elvis was just phenomenal. John Lennon got hooked on Elvis’ beat music and when he hear the song â€Å"Heartbreak Hotel†, he wanted to fall in love with music and wanted to have something to do with it. The Beatles created variations with their music. They used sound effects but â€Å"Along with studio tricks such as sound effects, unconventional microphone placements, tape loops, double tracking and vari-speed recording, The Beatles began to augment their recordings with instruments that were unconventional for rock music at the time. These included string and brass ensembles as well as Indian instruments such as the sitar as in â€Å"Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)† and the swarmandel as in â€Å"Strawberry Fields Forever†. They also used early electronic instruments such as the Mellotron, with which McCartney supplied the flute voices on the intro to â€Å"Strawberry Fields Forever†, and the ondioline, an electronic keyboard that created the unusual oboe-like sound on â€Å"Baby You’re a Rich Man†. Starting off with the utilization of a string quartet organized by George Martin with ideas form Paul McCartney on â€Å"Yesterday† during the year 1965, the Beatles spearheaded a modern kind of art song, represented by the arrangement of a double-quartet string on the song â€Å"Eleanor Rugby†, â€Å"She’s Leaving Home†, and â€Å"Here There and Everywhere† during the year 1966. McCartney was also inspired by the television performance of Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 by Bach which in turn influenced him to utilize a piccolo trumpet on â€Å"Penny Lane’s† arrangement. Moving towards psychedelia with the songs â€Å"Tomorrow Never Knows† and â€Å"Rain† in the year 1966, while â€Å"Strawberry Fields Forever†, â€Å"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds†, and â€Å"I Am the Walrus† during 1967, the Beatles turned on a new leaf. Each member of the band provided almost an equal contribution. Due to the numerous songs, each member of the Beatles have created their own impact on songs whether be it heard with the rifts, the vocals, the beat or just simply by the over-all presence of the song. John Lennon and Paul McCartney provided the added lift with regards to ingenuity with their songs. Their capability to adapt with the times and even produce music that seems ahead of their time has made the Beatles as one of the best bands of all time in the world. Their performance style during the 60s’ somehow are just simple but very catchy. The crowds roar and women drool over the band member while listening to them rocking the stage. There are times where the Beatles are just performing at TV stations and most of the time they are also performing in huge stadiums, which is a first in the Rock and Roll scene. They spearheaded the stadium-performances which hosted magnanimous number of people, which by the way were all sold-out right from the get go. During the 70s, the Beatles somehow showed a correlation with art and even intertwined pop culture with mass media. Also, during one time in the 70s, they performed on one of the rooftops of a building. The crowd below listened and stopped and even caused mayhem. Police had to get up and fetch the Beatles while they were still singing â€Å"Get Back†. This is one of the most awesome performances that they have done. As the Beatles have mentioned themselves, the Beatles have been influenced by American music. One of the notable inspirations that they always mention is Elvis Presley. There’s no better influence other than the king of rock. Their music somehow professed a mixture of style and tempo of Gospel music and also a little bit of jazz. But all in all, they created a different and seemingly diverse music, a result of different influences. The Beatles reinvented social values in their music. Their style of Rock and Roll and Pop changed the social landscape. It is widely regarded that the Beatles were influenced by jack Kerouac. This American poet, writer and artist somehow made an impact on the band. â€Å"One of the key myths surrounding the Beatles’ is that their music was so artistically strong it could not fail to get to number one. This belief fails to take into account their huge ambition for fame and its rewards. In today’s usual reckoning of the Beatles as pop `artists’, we tend not to examine any of their baser motives, preferring to see them as purely motivated by a love of music and a need to communicate with the world. The Beatles themselves, it should be noted, have attempted to point out that not all their motives were pure. John in particular wielded the biggest attack against the Beatles myth – as he himself referred to it – in his 1970 Rolling Stone interview. To make it to the top he said you had to be a `bastard’ and the Beatles were in such a context the `biggest bastards on earth’. Albert Goldman’s The Lives Of John Lennon seems to have taken this remark to heart and pursued it relentlessly, missing the point of what John was trying to achieve with this comment. By making such knowingly sensational remarks, he sought to counter what he saw as widely held misconceptions of the Beatles. His remarks also served to emphasise that the Beatles were not gods, but ordinary human beings. It is from the last perspective that I have written this book – the Beatles not as four gods, but as four highly motivated, but otherwise normal, Liverpool lads. † (Rowley, 2002, p. 11). CONCLUSION If there would be one band that have made such a magnanimous impact all over the world, it has got to be the Beatles. Their musical style that ranged from variations of different genres displayed their flexibility. Their ability to adapt with the times and influence contemporary bands and the bands of today has been unmatched. Not only were they successful in the field of music but they also gained a huge following with regards to the trends that they have utilized. No other band sold more concerts or at least satisfied more people other than the Beatles. Their music has been a wonder of the world and still has that impact until today. The Beatles, unparalleled, unbeatable, unforgettable. They are just simply phenomenal. REFERENCES Goldsmith, M. (2004). The Beatles Come to America. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Rowley, D. (2002). Beatles for Sale: The Musical Secrets of the Greatest Rock ‘n’ Roll Band

Skin Facts

The skin is the largest organ of the body. On the average person, the skin is approximately 3000 square inches and weighs approximately seven pounds. While the eyes are the â€Å"windows of the soul†, the skin is the â€Å"window to the body† because it is the only organ that can be seen. The skin contains 25% of the body’s blood supply, which flow completely through the skin once every minute. The skin is the body’s largest organ of immunity. It is the body’s first line of defence, the boundary where self is designed from non-self, yet it is highly interactive with the environment. Anatomy of Normal Skin Approximately 50% of the body’s primary cells of immunity are housed in the skin at any minute. After puberty, these cells are matured in the skin. The skin is biodynamic, alive up to the stratum corneum the only barrier the skin has to the outside world. The stratum corneum is less than the thickness of one human hair. In one square inch of the skin there are 2800 openings for sweat and oil glands. Over three million sweat glands cover the body, contributing to one of the skin’s many nicknames, the third kidney. In one day, skin will release one to several millilitres’ of water. As we get older, these sweat glands produce less perspiration. Skin perspires, what some people mistakenly call breathing. It takes in about 2. 5% of the body’s oxygen and releases about 3% carbon dioxide. In general, the skin does not breathe from outside oxygen. It works on anaerobic metabolism through our lungs. The skin is a bio-conversion factory. It is the largest hormone and enzyme producing organ of the body. Two distinct layers make up the skin. The epidermis, which covers and protects and the dermis, supports the epidermis and connects it to the underlying muscles. It acts as a heat regular in conjunction with the blood stream and perspiration glands. When the body is exposed to too much heat, there is a rush of blood to the surface of the skin, permitting it to cool. At the same time, the perspiration glands secrete liquid to aid in the process. Sensory erception occurs in the skin, preventing damage to its ability to feel heat and/or cold, giving pleasure by the same ability to feel such things as the smoothness of satin of the softness of down. There is delayed light screening by means of melanin’s reaction to light. Melanin is a dark pigment found in the skin. It is the area where both sebum and perspiration production take place and where these two combine on the surface to form a protective film (acid mantle) which renders the skin less vulnerable to damage and attack by environmental factors (e. . sun, wind, bacteria) and less prone to dehydration. â€Å"pH† is a chemist’s term standing for â€Å"potential of hydrogen† and is used to describe the degree of acidity or alkalinity in the acid mantle of the skin or in a product. It is measured on a scale ranging from 0-14. The centre of the scale, 7, is neutrality (neither acid nor alkaline). A reading above 7 indicates that the substance being measured is alkaline; below 7, acid. As far as the skin is concerned, a normal pH (or normal Acid Mantle) is in the range of 4. 2 to 5. 6. It will vary from one part of the body to another and generally speaking, the pH of a man’s skin is lower (more acid) than of a woman’s. The Chemical Composition of the Skin: Water70. 0% All percentages are approximate, Protein25. 5%as water may range from 60% to 70%. Lipids2. 0% Trace Minerals0. 5% All Other2. 0% There are three main skin layers: †¢The Subcutis contains fat cells and Lipocytes which make lipids. †¢The Dermis contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous glands and sweat glands and consists mainly of collagen & elastin. †¢The Epidermis contains keratinocytes, melanocytes and Langerhans cells. The skin, and in fact our whole body, is composed of many different types of cells. These cells have the same fundamental chemical composition but they vary in size, shape and function. The cells that comprise the outer layer of the skin are themselves a series of many layers that overlap each other, thus ensuring that cellular or other fluids cannot escape from the body via the skin except through a cut or break, or by means of special escape routes: the pore of follicles. The outer surface of the skin is comprised of flattened dead cells. Underneath however, there are living cells, which are somewhat fuller, and the deeper one goes into the skin, the fuller and rounder the cells become. At the bottom of all the layers, there is a row of cells, which are the ones that are always growing and in the process, pushing other cells upward, the cells become flattened as they are emptied of their natural fluid through pressure and dehydration. This normal process of shedding and renewal takes about 30 days (which means that after a cell is born in the bottom layer, it ends up on the surface of the skin, dead and ready to shed). The number of things the skin does for us is incredible. It covers us (epidermis and dermis), helps us keep warm (fatty layer), cools us off (sweat glands), keeps itself supple (oil glands) provides ultraviolet ray protection (melanin cells, registers our sense of touch (nerves), and is ornamental (hair, eyelashes, nails). Over time, dead protein cells can build up and block sebaceous and sudoriferous glands. This causes disturbances in the skins pH levels, normal rhythm and proliferation.

Social commentary on The Kite runner

We are impacted by things that we read, see or hear on a daily basis, and whether we know it or not they change the way we perceive certain topics. Social commentary Is often used by authors and/or artists to draw attention to ineffective elements of a society. This is present in the novels â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell and The Kite Runner† by Khlaed Hosselnl.The â€Å"Animal Farm† Is an allegory about a farm in which the animals revolt against the irresponsible farmer Jones after the Old Major dies and name it â€Å"Animal animals establish seven rules to live by, f which the most Important Is â€Å"All animals are Farm 47). As the years pass by. though, the dynamics of the farm change and the pigs establish themselves ds the ruling class. Orwell ridicules the way Russia tried to rebuild itself after the Bolshevick Revolution with this book. The Kite Runner† is a novel written by Khaled Hosselnl, In which he talks about the drastic difference betwee n lite In Afghanistan before and after the Taliban take over through the point of view of an Afghan boy named Amir. The main themes in the book are love, forgiveness, betrayal, edemption, and ethnic pressure In Afghanistan, but he also focuses In abundance on the Taliban by using the characters' life to show how much damage the Taliban cause to the country and population. The Taliban come Into power after Russian troops invade Afghanistan, and they make the citizens believe that they are the salvation of the country.Both novels deal with a group of people/animals that start a revolution against the ones in control, then gain power and impose even more severe rules which they corrupt, and end up forming a government more oppressive than the one they revolted against. nce the groups take over they give themselves higher authority than the rest of the population/animals, for example when Napoleon takes over he Is called â€Å"the emperor† and the rest of the animals are called à ¢â‚¬Å"comrade†(Anlmal Farm 47-8).The Taliban does something very similar; they demand the population to treat them with respect. Amir finds that out when he comes back to Kabul to take sohrab (given the fact that he lived In U. S. while the Taliban took over Afghanistan, he doesnt know much about them, besides what he heard in San Francisco) and he stares at the Taliban when they drive by. His triend Farid informs him that when the Taliban move past he Is supposed to look at the ground and not directly in their eyes, for the reason that they wanted people to almost bow down to them.Both dictators Impose unreasonable rules when they are in position of power. In â€Å"Animal Farm† Napoleon demonstrates that when he says that anyone who followed snowball, the leader thrown out by Napoleon, would be executed. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many scenes where the Talibs execute the opposition, for example Hassan refuses to leave Baba's house and as a result he ets shot In the back of the head. Another Intense case of unreasonable punishment takes place at the stadium where one of the Taliban Generals makes a speech about the Taliban's duty.He claims that the Taliban bring Justice and carry out the shrl'a law, and they believe that if adultery is committed, the adulterers â€Å"throw stones at the windows of God's house†: although the Shri'a law does not literally say that the Taliban Imply that adulterers should be punished by being stoned to death, tnereTore Its only rlgnt tnat tney stone to aeatn a woman ana a man accused 0T dultery(Cleric 270). However, in both books the dictators corrupt the rules they impose, for example in the â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals have seven commandments they must live by but three of them get changed to suit what Napoleon does or decides. No animal shall drink alcohol†is changed to â€Å"No animal shall drink to excess† when Napoleon gets drunk and almost dies; â€Å"No animal sha ll sleep in a bed† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets† and lastly â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall kill other nimal without cause†(Animal Farm 21-24). In â€Å"The Kite Runner† Assef is a sociopath who grows up to become a Taliban official, so the readers would expect him to carry out the Shri'a law and live by it , which he doesn't because he stones a woman to death for being accused of adultery and sins even more by raping the kids of the orphanage.There is another contradiction in the Taliban's beliefs, because music was part of the entertainment banned by the Taliban, but when Amir goes to General Assef to take Sohrab, Assef plays music for Sohrab to dance to. The eginning of dictatorship in both books is caused by a presumed revolution. In â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals revolt against man, take over the farm, and expect to live at peace among themselves. In â€Å" The Kite Runner† the Taliban are supposed to get the Russians out of Afghanistan and bring back harmony in the country.In both cases the leaders fail because the ambitions get the best of them and instead of living happy, they use the opportunity to dictate the others below. In the â€Å"Animal Farm† eventually the Seven Commandments are changed to one that read† All animals are qual but some are more equal than others†,which shows that the revolution is a failure in the farm because it makes the animals exactly what they were protesting against(Animal Farm 112).The Taliban first become known for their ambition to free Afghanistan from the Russians, but once they come into power they impose insane rules against the population and outlaw every type of entertainment, even kite running. In the end the pigs and the Taliban turn into their enemies. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm and in the final scene Napoleon and Pilkington (a neighbori ng farmer) are playing cards, although they act friendly, each is trying to cheat by playing ace of spades .The other animals watch the scene and cannot tell the pigs from the humans. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† when the Taliban take over Afghanistan they change everything, Amir points it out when he comes back from America and he sees Kabul, he says â€Å"l feel like a tourist in my own country' which means after the Taliban had taken over, the country couldVe been easily ruled by strangers because there was nothing left of the Afghanistan he grew p in (Amir 231). Social commentary has a powerful impact in todays society.Khlaed Hosseini and George Orwell convey a strong message with â€Å"The Kite Runner† and â€Å"Animal Farm†; they show that when people strive for a goal but get no satisfaction when they reach it, they can turn revolutions in a government more oppressive and totalitarian. Social Commentary on The Kite Runner We are impacted by things that we read, see or hear on a daily basis, and whether we know it or not they change the way we perceive certain topics. Social commentary is often used by authors and/or artists to draw attention to ineffective elements of a society. This is present in the novels â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell and â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Khlaed Hosseini. The â€Å"Animal Farm† is an allegory about a farm in which the animals revolt against the irresponsible farmer Jones after the Old Major dies and name it â€Å"Animal farm†.The animals establish seven rules to live by, of which the most important is â€Å"All animals are equal†(Animal Farm 47). As the years pass by, though, the dynamics of the farm change and the pigs establish themselves as the ruling class. Orwell ridicules the way Russia tried to rebuild itself after the Bolshevick Revolution with this book. â€Å"The Kite Runner† is a novel written by Khaled Hosseini, i n which he talks about the drastic difference between life in Afghanistan before and after the Taliban take over through the point of view of an Afghan boy named Amir.The main themes in the book are love, forgiveness, betrayal, redemption, and ethnic pressure in Afghanistan, but he also focuses in abundance on the Taliban by using the characters’ life to show how much damage the Taliban cause to the country and population. The Taliban come into power after Russian troops invade Afghanistan, and they make the citizens believe that they are the salvation of the country.Both novels deal with a group of people/animals that start a revolution against the ones in control, then gain power and impose even more severe rules which they corrupt, and end up forming a government more oppressive than the one they revolted against. Once the groups take over they give themselves higher authority than the rest of the population/animals, for example when Napoleon takes over he is called  "the emperor† and the rest of the animals are called â€Å"comrade†(Animal Farm 47-8).The Taliban does something very similar; they demand the population to treat them with respect. Amir finds that out when he comes back to Kabul to take Sohrab (given the fact that he lived in U. S. while the Taliban took over Afghanistan, he doesn’t know much about them, besides what he heard in San Francisco) and he stares at the Taliban when they drive by. His friend Farid informs him that when the Taliban move past he is supposed to look at the ground and not directly in their eyes, for the reason that they wanted people to almost bow down to them.Both dictators impose unreasonable rules when they are in position of power. In â€Å"Animal Farm† Napoleon demonstrates that when he says that anyone who followed Snowball, the leader thrown out by Napoleon, would be executed. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many scenes where the Talibs execute the opposition, for example Hassan refuses to leave Baba’s house and as a result he gets shot in the back of the head. Another intense case of unreasonable punishment takes place at the stadium where one of the Taliban Generals makes a speech about the Taliban’s duty.He claims that the Taliban bring justice and carry out the Shri’a law, and they believe that if adultery is committed, the adulterers â€Å"throw stones at the windows of God’s house†; although the Shri’a law does not literally say that the Taliban imply that adulterers should be punished by being stoned to death, therefore it’s only right that they stone to death a woman and a man accused of adultery(Cleric 270). However, in both books the dictators corrupt the rules they impose, for example in the â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals have seven commandments they must live by but three of them get changed to suit what Napoleon does or decides.â€Å"No animal shall drink alcohol†is changed to â€Å"No animal shall drink to excess† when Napoleon gets drunk and almost dies; â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets† and lastly â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal without cause†(Animal Farm 21-24). In â€Å"The Kite Runner† Assef is a sociopath who grows up to become a Taliban official, so the readers would expect him to carry out the Shri’a law and live by it , which he doesn’t because he stones a woman to death for being accused of adultery and sins even more by raping the kids of the orphanage.There is another contradiction in the Taliban’s beliefs, because music was part of the entertainment banned by the Taliban, but when Amir goes to General Assef to take Sohrab, Assef plays music for Sohrab to dance to. The beginning of dictatorship in both books is caused by a presumed revolut ion. In â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals revolt against man, take over the farm, and expect to live at peace among themselves. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† the Taliban are supposed to get the Russians out of Afghanistan and bring back harmony in the country.In both cases the leaders fail because the ambitions get the best of them and instead of living happy, they use the opportunity to dictate the others below. In the â€Å"Animal Farm† eventually the Seven Commandments are changed to one that read† All animals are equal but some are more equal than others†,which shows that the revolution is a failure in the farm because it makes the animals exactly what they were protesting against(Animal Farm 112).The Taliban first become known for their ambition to free Afghanistan from the Russians, but once they come into power they impose insane rules against the population and outlaw every type of entertainment, even kite running. In the end the pigs and the Taliba n turn into their enemies. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm and in the final scene Napoleon and Pilkington (a neighboring farmer) are playing cards, although they act friendly, each is trying to cheat by playing ace of spades .The other animals watch the scene and cannot tell the pigs from the humans. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† when the Taliban take over Afghanistan they change everything, Amir points it out when he comes back from America and he sees Kabul, he says â€Å"I feel like a tourist in my own country† which means after the Taliban had taken over, the country could’ve been easily ruled by strangers because there was nothing left of the Afghanistan he grew up in (Amir 231).Social commentary has a powerful impact in today’s society. Khlaed Hosseini and George Orwell convey a strong message with â€Å"The Kite Runner† and â€Å"Animal Farm†; they show that when people strive for a goal but get no satisfaction wh en they reach it, they can turn revolutions in a government more oppressive and totalitarian.